Nozzle

The nozzle is a small but critical component that determines how effectively the pressurized water breaks apart soil. Nozzles are available in several configurations, including fan-tip, straight-jet, rotary, and multi-orifice designs. The choice of nozzle directly affects excavation speed, precision, and the risk of utility damage.

Nozzle selection depends on soil type, proximity to utilities, and the type of excavation being performed. Fan-tip nozzles spread the water into a flat, wide pattern that is gentle on utilities and ideal for precision work near sensitive infrastructure. Straight-jet nozzles concentrate the water into a single, powerful stream for cutting through hard clay, compacted gravel, or frozen ground. Rotary nozzles spin the water stream in a circular pattern for efficient material removal.

Nozzles are consumable items that wear over time due to the abrasive action of high-pressure water passing through the orifice. Worn nozzles lose their spray pattern and efficiency, resulting in slower excavation and higher water consumption. Most operators carry a selection of nozzles and replace them regularly as part of routine equipment maintenance.